SYRIA: A voice in the storm

8 January 2025 – Report by a dia-LOGOS field worker who travelled to Syria and interviewed several Syrian Church leaders

THE CURRENT SITUATION IN SYRIA:

Syria, after more than a decade of war, finds itself undergoing profound political, cultural, and social transformations. These changes, particularly the rise of hardline Islamic control, are reshaping the political and security landscape, with significant implications for the lives of ordinary Syrians, especially religious minorities such as Christians. This shift is affecting not only daily life but also the broader societal dynamics in the country.

1. SHIFT TOWARDS ISLAMIC GOVERNANCE

One of the most noticeable changes in Syria is the reorganization of the national education system. The Syrian government has overhauled the curriculum, integrating Islamic studies and Quranic teachings into schools, replacing the secular educational framework that had been in place before the war. This marks a clear move towards the Islamization of the country, which will influence the outlook of future generations.

2. RISING HOSTILITY TOWARDS CHRISTIANS

Another concerning development is the increasing hostility towards Syria’s Christian population. Hostile rhetoric is gaining ground, with some groups labelling Christians as “infidels” and undermining their faith by reducing it to legalism. These views are becoming more entrenched, contributing to an atmosphere of fear and marginalization. This shift is reflected in the composition of Syria’s government, where several key ministers and officials now come from hardline Islamic backgrounds. Many Christians are beginning to feel increasingly unsafe, leading to heightened concerns about their future in Syria.

3. THE CALL FOR JIHAD AND ITS IMPLICATIONS

Though jihadist rhetoric is often indirect, there are growing signs that the call for jihad is gaining traction within certain circles (they die not for the sake of anyone but for the sake of Allah and their Muslim laws.) As hardliners gain more influence, the Christian community’s sense of vulnerability grows, despite churches remaining open. The shrinking attendance in churches serves as a stark reminder of the fear that grips many Christians today.

4. POLITICAL AND RELIGIOUS LEADERSHIP UNCERTAINTY

The political and religious leadership in Syria remains in flux. One recent example was the Patriarchate’s visit to the HTS leader, Muhammed Al-Jolani. While the meeting appeared polite and cordial, it quickly became clear that there was a lack of substantive engagement or follow-up. This left many wondering about the true direction of Syria’s future, both politically and religiously.

5. ARMED FACTIONS AND THE DISARMING OF CHRISTIANS

Syria remains a deeply militarized society, with various groups, including Sunni Muslims, Alawites (Shia), and Druze, all heavily armed. However, the Christian community remains largely disarmed, with only a few individuals having access to firearms for self-defence. This disparity in armament leaves Christians particularly vulnerable in a nation divided by armed factions vying for control.

6. REVENGE AND ESCALATING VIOLENCE

Rebel groups are increasingly focused on retribution, accusing the Syrians of persecuting the people under the regime of Bashar al-Assad, especially targeting the Alawites. This cycle of revenge, driven by religious ideology, has exacerbated sectarian violence. Tensions are escalating, particularly between Sunni Muslims, Alawites, and Christians, deepening the existing divides and fuelling further conflict.

7. TENSIONS IN MAALOULA: RELIGIOUS CONFLICT ON THE RISE

Maaloula, a predominantly Christian town, has witnessed growing tensions, primarily due to Muslim encroachment on Christian-owned lands. In one incident, a Muslim man attempted to seize land from a Christian. When the Christian man responded in self-defence, a shootout ensued, resulting in the death of the Muslim’s son. Fearing retaliation, the Christian man fled, and many other Christians have left the town, further heightening the fear and anxiety among religious minorities in Syria.

8. UNCERTAINTY IN SYRIA’S FUTURE

What was once hoped to be a period of recovery for Syria has instead become a time of profound uncertainty. Although the government has promised reforms, there are reports indicating that Al-Jolani is working on drafting a new constitution within the next three years. However, the growing gap between promises and actual implementation leaves the country in a state of political chaos, with no clear path forward.

9. SYMBOLIC CHANGES REFLECTING ISLAMIC INFLUENCE

Several symbolic changes have occurred, signalling the growing influence of Islam in Syria’s identity:

• Currency Change: The government has begun issuing new currency bills with updated designs, aimed at bolstering the national economy. Details regarding the new currency’s design remain unclear.
• National Flag: The Syrian flag has been changed, reflecting the nation’s shifting political landscape.
• ISIS Flag Modification: The flag associated with ISIS has been altered, replacing its black background with a white one. While the Islamic phrase “There is no god but Allah, Muhammad is the messenger of Allah” remains, the shift signals a move away from the violent symbolism previously associated with ISIS (still using both flags)
• License Plates: Vehicle license plates have been altered to reflect the new national identity under the current government.
• Greeting Change: The traditional greeting “As-Salaam Alaikum” has replaced other forms of greeting, becoming the widely used expression, despite its Christian roots. This shift further signals a move toward religious conformity.
• Educational Curriculum: The government has integrated Quranic studies as a mandatory subject in all schools and universities.

10. THE ROLE OF FOREIGN POWERS IN SYRIA’S GEOPOLITICAL LANDSCAPE

Syria’s future is heavily influenced by the involvement of foreign powers, each with their own agenda:

• Russia: Russia continues to provide critical military and diplomatic support to the Assad regime, ensuring its survival. This alignment closely ties Syria’s future to Russian geopolitical interests.
• Iran: Iran remains a key ally, particularly in the southern regions, bolstering Shia militias and increasing its strategic influence in the region.
• Turkey: Turkey’s involvement, especially in the northwest, remains significant as it continues to support various rebel factions, contributing to ongoing tensions and conflict.
• The United States: The U.S. maintains a military presence in northeastern Syria, supporting Kurdish forces. U.S. sanctions continue to isolate Syria from the international community and stifle economic recovery efforts.

11. NEW VISA REQUIREMENTS: LEBANON-SYRIA BORDER RESTRICTIONS

In a major policy shift, Syria has introduced new visa requirements for Lebanese citizens. While Lebanese nationals were previously able to enter Syria without restriction, they are now required to obtain a visa. This move reflects the Syrian government’s desire to assert greater control over its borders and reduce foreign influence.

CONCLUSION: A CHANGING SYRIA

By 2025, Syria has experienced profound political and cultural changes, most notably the rise of hardline Islamic governance. The Islamization of state structures, the adoption of new national symbols, and the growing marginalization of religious minorities, particularly Christians, reflect a shift toward a more radicalized society. Syria’s future remains uncertain, characterized by political turmoil, sectarian divides, and ongoing foreign intervention. The international community must stay alert to the unfolding developments, as they will have long-term implications for Syria’s stability and its role within the broader Middle Eastern context.

KEY TAKEAWAYS:

• Islamization of State Institutions: Increased Islamic influence in education, government, and national symbols.
• Religious Minorities Under Threat: Christians are increasingly marginalized and feel unsafe in their homeland.
• Economic Isolation: Ongoing financial struggles exacerbated by international sanctions and growing regional isolation.
• Symbolic Changes: Alterations to currency, flags, and national symbols signal a shift toward Islamic governance.
• Geopolitical Isolation: New visa restrictions further isolate Syria from Lebanon and the wider international community.

CHRISTIAN TESTIMONY IN SYRIA’S CHAOS

A VOICE IN THE STORM

“As a Christian living in Syria, the chaos surrounding us is deafening. The voices of violence, fear, and uncertainty grow louder every day. It feels as though the storm of war will swallow everything; we hold dear. But during this overwhelming noise, I hear something far stronger, the voice of God, steady and unwavering. Though our prayers may seem like whispers against the thunder of conflict, I know that they rise above it all, louder than any threat or fear. I often ask myself: will we, as Christians, be able to remain here, to continue living out our faith, or will we be forced to flee? The fear of losing everything, the land, the church, the community! Is overwhelming. But I also know this: no matter the trials we face, God’s plan is greater. His voice is louder than the storms around us. We will be here, as living sacrifices to Jesus, unwavering in our devotion, no matter the cost. I will continue to pray, to hope, and to stand as a witness to His love, trusting that He will guide us, protect us, and lead us where He wills.”

Afaf, a Christian leader in Syria

I HAD A DREAM

“In the morning of the 29^th of November 2024, I woke up early in the morning to a strange dream. I saw myself opening my hands and talking to the youth as if I was preaching to them with all boldness. Suddenly, a snake appeared in front of me, the colour of olive. It was big and close to my face. I was very afraid. I wanted to go back, but I couldn’t. I couldn’t touch it to push it away from me. My heart almost stopped. The snake approached and put its head on my chest. Its jaws became wider, and it began to transform quickly. It grew and my fear increased. It suddenly became a one-day-old baby wrapped in olive-coloured silk. Then I hugged it and woke up. I was in great shock as if it was real, but I prayed and said to myself, what could this dream be? I continued my day.

On that day, which was Friday, we started hearing the sounds of gunfire and motors breaking the terrifying silence to take their turn with greater terror.  They began to take pictures with their black flags. The worst scenarios began to cross the minds of all our people, with all their spectra. What we saw from them before was enough to kill us with fear. And the calls began encouraging us to leave Syria because what is coming is inevitably bad.

We couldn’t sleep the first week. We stayed in our homes; we could bring bread and go back to wait for the terrifying evening with its silence.

I was encouraged by the lord on the third day when my friend from another governorate sent me a message that in the days of Noah the lord closed the door. And indeed, we held on to this hope that the lord closed it on us, and we have no escape, only faith, hope and waiting.

I asked my family about the dream, does anyone understand it?? No one answered me.

After two days my mother said I prayed a lot. So, the snake is what we suddenly saw and the child that the lord will turn evil to good as he always does, and it will be a new birth after the horror.

One of the sisters in the prayer team called me and said: We are truly shocked, but the lord will spiritually regenerate our country, not as the media is promoting… And you will have a role in this… The lord has given you a role in his upcoming mission and he has told you to prepare. I smiled as if my heart beats again after it had stopped, and I said the lord is always good and will always remain so.”

Sarah, a Christian leader from Syria

https://thethirdway.org/gaza-lebanon-and-syria-the-darkness-of-the-tomb-or-the-darkness-of-the-womb/

THE OPINION OF SYRIAN MUSLIMS LIVING IN LEBANON

It is important to note that even though many minorities, including the small Christian population, feel uncertain and even threatened by the thought of an Islamic state, Muslims in general share a different view:

Syrian neighbour

I’ve been living in Lebanon for seven years with my family, but my heart is with Syria (we will back soon, in months..) Despite everything that has happened, especially with groups like HTS and the rebels taking control in parts of Syria, I believe they are doing the right thing. I know many people have different opinions, but when I look at the way they are enforcing laws and order, I see that they are following what our religion teaches us. As a Sunni Muslim, I believe that the strict laws they are enforcing are necessary to restore justice and morality. These laws align with what Islam teaches us about protecting the community, upholding values, and living according to the principles of the faith. I believe the rebel groups, despite their challenges, are on the right path. They are working to bring stability, security, and a return to the values that we as Muslims hold dear. Syria may still be in a difficult place, but I see these actions as a step towards a better future for all of us.

Another opinion

Amal is a Muslim from a Sunni background. She believes that by summer, all Syrians will return to Syria ( all the people I know are optimistic and wants to back to Syria) She’s confident that now it is our turn to rebuild and take our rightful place. While Lebanon has long been known as the Paris of the East, she believes that Syria will soon take that title, thanks to the ongoing changes and the efforts of the new government. She envisions a bright future where Syria will rise again, with a strong economy, stability, and opportunity for all its citizens. She also believes that the time has come for Syria to establish its new official government, and with that, a new president. Once the country has its new leadership, many Syrians will come back to rebuild their homes and their lives.

Our Syrian neighbour (shop owner)

I’ve been living in Lebanon for many years now, and over time, this country has become my home. When no one else welcomed me, Lebanon did. It’s the place where I found refuge, built my life, and raised my family. I’ve grown so connected to its culture, its people, and its way of life. In many ways, Lebanon has shaped who I am today. I often think about Syria, my homeland, but the reality is that Lebanon has become my future. I can’t imagine leaving this country and returning to Syria to live there permanently! maybe for a visit… The comfort and security I’ve found here are too important to me, and the uncertainty in Syria makes it hard for me to envision a stable future there. As for the new government in Syria, I’m not sure what to expect. There is talk of change, but we need to wait until they elect a new president to truly see how things will shift. Until we know who’s in power and what direction the country will take, it’s difficult to make any definitive decisions about the future.

PRAY FOR SYRIA

Prayer List for Syria and the Church

• Pray for Protection and Courage for Christians:  Pray for protection over Christians in Syria as they face challenges in their communities. Ask God to give them the courage and strength to stand firm in their faith! (Psalm 27:1)

• Pray for the Faith and Resilience of the Church:  Pray for spiritual strength and resilience for the Church, especially those who face pressure. May they continue to be a light in the darkness, bringing hope to their communities. (Joshua 1:9)

• Pray for Christian Youth and Education:  Pray for Christian youth, that they may find strength in their faith in schools and universities. May God protect their hearts and minds as they navigate difficult environments. (Proverbs 22:6)

• Pray for Church Leaders and Guidance:  Pray for wisdom and discernment for church leaders who guide their communities through a time of transition. May they lead with compassion and clarity. (James 1:5)

• Pray for the Rebuilding of Christian Communities:  Pray for the rebuilding of Christian communities in Syria, that they may grow stronger together and be a source of hope and love. (Galatians 6:10)

• Pray for Justice and Religious Freedom:  Pray for justice and religious freedom for all Syrians, including Christians, that they may freely practice their faith and live without fear of restrictions. (Amos 5:24)

• Pray for Economic and Social Restoration:  Ask God to bring about economic recovery and social healing in Syria, creating opportunities for growth, employment, and community welfare. (Philippians 4:19)

• Pray for the New Group Rebuilding Syria:  Pray for the new groups and organizations working toward the rebuilding of Syria, that they may be guided by God’s wisdom and grace. May their efforts bring about lasting change, justice, and peace for all Syrians (Jeremiah 29:11)

• Pray for the Future of Syria and a Renewed Hope:  Pray for the future of Syria, that God’s light will shine on the nation, bringing restoration, peace, and hope for a better tomorrow. May the light of Christ shine brightly during any darkness. (Isaiah 9:2)

To assist the Church in Syria:  https://dialogos.co.za/project-hope-syria/